The Blind Side

Introduction The Blind Side is a movie produced in 2009 that focuses on the life of Michael Oher. Michael is a teenager who overcomes numerous challenges such as homelessness and loneliness to become one of the most reliable offensive linemen in the National Football League (NFL) of America (Lewis, 2009).Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on The Blind Side specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More The movie was directed by John Lee Hancock and was based on the book, The Blind Side: Evolution of a Game by Michael Lewis. The movie stars Quinton Aaron as Michael Oher, Tim McGraw as Sean Touhy, Sandra Bullock as Leigh Anne Touhy and Jae Head as S.J Touhy. These characters shape the plot of the movie. Sean and Leigh Anne are foster parents to Michael while S.J is their only son who has good relations with Michael as his big brother. Before moving in with Sean and Leigh, Michael had lived in other foster homes, as well as on the str eets (Lewis, 2009). This movie is quite thematic because the viewer experiences sad feelings for what Michael goes through, as well as feelings of joy for Michael’s life transformation from solitude and misery to success and greatness. Plot Summary The main character in this movie is Michael, a seventeen-year-old black and homeless American teenager. He does not know his father and his mother is a drug addict. He puts up at various foster homes. However, he escapes in several instances due to various reasons. Hopping between foster homes leaves Michael without much formal education or essential skills that can help him get a job (Lewis, 2009). One of Michael’s foster parents tries to enroll him into Wingate Christian School despite his poor academic records. His athleticism and passion for football impress the football coach who recommends his enrollment. Because of his huge stature and young age, Michael is nicknamed The Big Mike by friends. While at Wingate Christian School, Michael becomes friends with S.J, a son to Leigh Anne an interior designer, and Sean Touhy a business guru (Scott, 2009). One day while driving home, Anne notices Michael walking alone in the rain and decides to talk to him. On discovering that he intended to spend the night outside the school’s gym, she decides to take him home and spend the night. After that, Michael becomes part of that family, amid negative criticism towards Anne from wealthy friends about making him part of her family. Leigh Anne identifies as a caring person, as she goes ahead to seek legal rights to be Michael’s guardian, which gets approved (Scott, 2009). Although Michael starts slowly with the team due to his gracious and calm nature, Leigh Anne is always around during training sessions to motivate him (Lewis, 2009).Advertising Looking for essay on art and design? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Michael impresses most college co aches with his ability on the pitch. However, Leigh Anne discovers that Michael’s GPA is below the required average of 2.5 that qualifies one for college scholarship (Scott, 2009). Anne goes ahead to hire Michael a tutor who works with other teachers and helps him attain an average of 2.52. Michael receives scholarship offers from numerous colleges, but settles for the University of Mississippi, the alma mater of his foster parents. Michael sticks with his decision despite receiving numerous threats aimed at making him change his decision. It later emerges that Michael’s foster parents restricts anyone under their care to join other colleges apart from University of Mississippi (Lewis, 2009). A confrontation ensues between Michael and Leigh Anne and they disagree. As a result, Michael goes back to the projects where his mother lives. He reunites with old friends who make unpleasant remarks towards his foster parents. This makes Michael angry and a fight ensues. Their c ruelty forces him to run. Leigh Anne searches for Michael in vain. He calls Michael who agrees to meet and discuss a few things that made Michael uncomfortable (Lewis, 2009). During the meeting, Anne promises to support Michael’s decisions, as well as allow him talk to officers who are investigating his decision to join the University of Mississippi. Michael moves back to his foster parents’ house and plans of joining college get underway. The movie ends with Michael bidding farewell to his foster family. He focuses on his football career while in college and grows into an all star left tackler (Scott, 2009). The end creates a feeling of joy, as one feels happy for the once poor, illiterate, and fat teenager who came from a broken home but managed to identify and fulfill his real potential despite all many challenges. Themes Elements Developed in the Movie This movie identifies as a film that integrates various themes and elements. The fact that the movie develops out of a real life story makes it an undeniable fairy tale. It provides the viewer with a touch of reality that human relations depend on. There are two important lessons about human relations brought out in this movie. First, it is important for human beings to reach out to less fortunate in the society. Michael is a teenager who has lost hope of fulfilling his dreams, but the family of Leigh Anne helps him identify and fulfill his potential (Lewis, 2009).Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on The Blind Side specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More The second lesson is that people need to believe in their abilities, and develop relations with people who believe in them. Leigh Anne believes that the decision to make Michael part of her family is right despite objections from friends. Michael has great potential and Leigh’s family believes in his abilities, the reason they do all they can to ensure that he exploits them (L ewis, 2009). For a keen viewer, the movie also develops the theme of love and family. The nature of life is such that people do not have a choice of who comprise their families. Some people are lucky enough to experience love from both parents and joy of growing in a complete family, while others are not that lucky. However, from the movie it is clear that these situations are not permanent because individuals can get these experiences from people they interact with in life (Scott, 2009). Michael came from a broken home that did not have a father, while the mother was not resourceful due to her drug addiction. He lacked life opportunities that his peers from bonded families had. However, he is able to feel the love of a family later in his teenage years after a white couple that already had two children adopts him. The love shown by others is often influential on how people develop perspectives about life (Lewis, 2009). The concept of family developed in this movie goes beyond nucle ar families to include a social unit that shares common values, includes people who believe in each other, and who show love towards each other. In the movie, challenges of poverty, racial discrimination, as well as drug and substance abuse are evident and well explored. Modern American society identifies as one that adores drugs, looks down upon people from poor backgrounds, as well as a society still incensed in the old habit of treating people based on color of their skin (Scott, 2009). This unfortunate reality has for long refused to die out of American culture. The treatment accorded to Michael’s foster parents when they go looking for him in the projects, is unacceptable and one that modern parents would not want their children to grow having knowledge of. The comments made towards Leigh Anne during Michael’s adoption talks also give a clear indication of various perceptions that American people still have towards each other. Humor also develops a lot in this mov ie, as there are certain scenes that leave the viewer in stitches (Scott, 2009). One such scene is during one of the games when Michael, using his huge body gives an opponent a block that clears him off the pitch. The scene gets funnier when the coach demands to know from Michael why he did such a thing to an opponent. Michael’s response was that he was trying to stop after the whistle but he was on top speed.Advertising Looking for essay on art and design? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Michael also said he carried the opponent to the bus because he felt time was right for the player to leave the pitch. Numerous tackles, which prompted the referee to throw a flag as a warning, dominated Michael’s style of play in that game (Scott, 2009). Another element developed in the movie is sacrifice. Michael’s foster family sacrifices to help him in a unique and inspiring way. They go out of their way to provide him shelter, food, clothing, education, and a career in football. The movie had a good reception across America, with critics giving positive remarks. Most notable remarks touched on the impressive role of Leigh Anne played by Sandra Bullock (Lewis, 2009). The movie received many nominations and awards that included academy award, people’s choice awards, and nickelodeon kids choice awards among others. Conclusion The main character in this movie is Michael who puts up at various foster homes. However, he escapes due to various reasons. The fact th at the movie develops out of a real life story makes it an undeniable fairy-tale. This movie is generates a sad feeling for what Michael goes through, as well as a feeling of joy for the way his life turns around into a success story. Themes and elements developed in the movie include humor, sacrifice, human relations, importance of love and family, poverty, racial discrimination, as well as drug and substance abuse. It is important for human beings to reach out to less fortunate in the society. Michael is a teenager who has lost hope of fulfilling his dreams, but the family of Leigh Anne helps him identify and fulfill his potential. It is also important for people to believe in their abilities, and develop relations with people who believe in them. Leigh Anne believes that the decision to make Michael part of her family is right despite objections from friends. The movie had a good reception across America, with critics giving positive remarks. References Lewis, M. (2009). The Blin d Side: Evolution of a Game (Movie Tie-In Edition). New York: W. W. Norton. Scott, A. (2009). Steamrolling over Life’s Obstacles with Family as Cheerleaders. Retrieved from https://www.nytimes.com/2009/11/20/movies/20blindside.html?_r=0 This essay on The Blind Side was written and submitted by user TrueBel1evers to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.

Report of Transcom Beverage Bd Essay Example

Report of Transcom Beverage Bd Essay Example Report of Transcom Beverage Bd Paper Report of Transcom Beverage Bd Paper Chapter- 1 (introduction) TRANSCOM TRANSCOM TRANSCOM 1. 1: Company overview: Overview: On the basis of an exclusive Franchise for Bangladesh from Pepsico USA, TBL acquired threemodern bottling plants at Dhaka,  Chittagong and Bogra from BBIL, Dhaka; EBIL,  Chittagongand NBIL, Bogra; in March 2000. TBL manufactures the famous Pepsi range of beverages-Pepsi, 7up, Mirinda Orange, Mirinda Lemon,  Slice and Soda. As a corporate citizen Pepsicobelieves it has a responsibility to contribute to the quality of life in our communities. TBL hasput into action this philosophy through  support of social agencies, projects and programs and thescope of this support is extensive and  it has not been difficult to blend with this philosophy sincethe TRANSCOM group also followed such a  corporate ideology. 1. 2 Objective of the study: Broad objective: Marketing Mix(4 p ¶s) Analysis and Competitors Evaluation? Specific objectives: To find the business portfolio of Transcom Food Beverage ltd. To know the marketing strategy of Transcom Food Beverage ltd. To find the pricing Transcom Food Beverage products. To find the Transcom Food Beverage ltd. ommunication system. To find the product of   Transcom Food Beverage in   last year To find the  last year product performance of   Transcom Food   Beverage ltd. 1. 3 Limitations of the study: In every research many work there is some limitations that the researcher faces while preparingdifferent activities. In the process of the research work,  we also f aced certain limitations thathampered the actual findings and analysis of our research work. Some of these notablelimitations can be identified are: The topic is mainly focused on product marketing strategy of Transcom Food Beverage Ltd. Transcom is a group of company. But here we emphasizing on   TranscomFood Beverage Ltd. So it seems to us as a  limitation of the study. They are very busy with their regular task. So, it becomes quite difficult for them to givetime to the outsiders. And also there are  some rules and regulations so that we cannotenter to the head office. So, that we have to talk with their company officers,staffs,employes . That was a big  limitation for us. We got only 2-3 weeks to prepare this report. This could be a limitation of this study. We had  faced electricity problem which consumed our  lot of time. It was a big limitation for us. Chapter -2 Research Methodology 2. 1: Sampling Plan: Sampling Procedure: The sampling procedure has been conducted on thedeliberate sampling method has used where  the respondents and the interviewees. Sampling Unit: In order to carry out the  research work, the study was focused ontaking the interviews of the personnel involved in the Transcom Food beverage ltd. 1. Number of respondents: 20 2. Age range: 20-40 3. Occupation: Student, housewife, service  holder 4. Economic status: Higher, middle class, lower  class. 5. Geographic location: Dhaka and outside dhaka. 2. 2 Data  Collection Techniques: Questionnaire: Unstructured and open-ended questionnaires (please see appendix) were asked to the  differentpeople of different areas of Bangladesh to find whether they are satisfied with Products of  Transcom Food Beverage ltd or not. Observations: When we visited the Gulshan office of   Transcom Beverage that time we used our ownobservations to collect certain pieces of  information about their product marketing strategy, newproduct performance as well as coming product of   Transcom food   Beverage ltd. Secondary Information: Secondary information has collected  by reviewing websites and some articles printed time totime and other relevant documents. . 3: Sources of Data Collection: Primary: The primary information is gathered through  informal interviews of the   employees working over  there under   Transcom Food Beverage. Secondary: Secondary sources had also  used to collect information. Secondary sources  include: Different articles, index of Transcom Food    Beverage ltd. Visiting website of Transcom Company. Physical visiting to Transcom Beverage factory. Other sources Chapter -3 Finding and analysis (part-1) 3. 1 Business Portfolio of Transcom Beverage: Beverage Items: 1. Pepsi 2. Diet Pepsi 3. Pepsi Blue 4. Pepsi Light 5. 7Up 6. Up ice 7. Mountain Dew 8. Slice 9. Mirinda 10. Mirinda Orange Food Items: Pizza Hut K FC 3. 2: The marketing strategies: Transcom Beverage is one of the leadind soft drinks proveder. Their solutions strategy leveragesone of our greatest assets a portfolio of outstanding quality. differentiate these solutionsofferings based on our in-depth consumer understanding, with a strong focus on social location. 3. 2. (1): Packaging and Branding: Packaging: Packaging involves designing and producing the container or wrapper for aproduct . Packaging plays a  part in delivering beverages to  customers safely. In all of   the production facilities, they minimize packaging waste from the supplies they receive,and they strive to reuse, recycle, or recover as much as possible of their waste. however, Blow-molding is a manufacturing process used  in the plastics and polymers industries to create hollowbut strong containers for their clients. Polyethylene Terephthalate (P. E. T. ) bottles aremanufactured using the blow-molding process. Currently, we are  constructing a blow-moldingproduction line at the Raleigh production facility. By implementing the blow-molding process,we will eliminate the ordering, shipping lizing of pre-madeP. E. T. bottles. Branding: 7 Up is a brand of a lemon-lime flavored non-caffeinated soft drink  . The rights tothe brand are held by Dr Pepper Snapple Group in the United States, and PepsiCo (or itslicensees) in the rest of the world, including Puerto  Rico, where the concentrate  is manufacturedat the Pepsi facility in Cidra. The7 Uplogo includes a red spot between the 7 and Up; this redspot has been animated and used as a mascot for the brand as Cool Spot. KFC is under the Yum! Brand name. Yum! also owns Taco Bell, Pizza Hut, LongJohn Silvers and AW, with more than 35,000 restaurants around the world. Product positioning: A product can be positioned  in the minds of the customer by 1. Maintaining proper attributes 2. Offering desired benefits 3. Using strong beliefs and values. 4. Continues communication Pepsi has always been brand that  embodies the most prevalent youth sentiment. Over the  years as youth has evolved, so  have Pepsi’s positioning and language. It  has, however, consistentlystood for what the youth stands for  ± right from  µYeh Dil Maange More ¶ to  µYeh HaiYoungistaan Meri Jaan ¶. Brand positioning of 7. up: The  brand ¶s proposition of ? Ekdum Asli Indian? Absolutely RealIndian) was brought alive on outdoors in some very interesting ways. KFC : A regional credit union that had an image that was outdated and did not reflect their  positioning . Their unique selling position was one  to one relatiomship with their customer whowere mostly working class individual. They also handeled all of their marketing and advertising 3. 2. ( 2): Pricing of Transcom food and beverage Products: Transcom food item price( pizza hut kfc  ) Product  name   Mrp KFC(  special  Burger)  180. 00  +  vat KFC(regular)  120. 00  +  vat KFC(Bucket)  850  +  vat KFC(French  fry)  95  +  vat KFC(  Soft  Drinks)  20. 00  +  vat Pizza  Hut(6  inc  pizza)  280. 00  +  vat Pizza  Hut(12  inc  pizza)  520. 00  +  vat Pizza  Hut(18  inc  pizza)  950. 00  +  vat Pizza  Hut(burger)  150. 00  +  vat Pizza  Hut(shorma)  95. 00  +  vat Transcom beverage item price(soft drinks) Product  Name   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  MRP Pepsi  (250  ml)   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  12. 00tk Pepsi  (500  ml)   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  28. 00tk Pepsi  (1  liter)   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  50. 00tk 7Up(250  ml)   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  12. 00tk 7Up(500  ml)   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  28. 00tk 7Up(1  liter)   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  50. 00tk MountainDew(250ml)   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  12. 00tk MountainDew(500ml)   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  28. 00tk Mountain  Dew(1liter)   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  50. 00tk Slice  (250ml)   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  15. 00tk Mirinda (250  ml)   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  12. 00tk Mirinda(500  ml)   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  28. 00tk Mirinda(  1  liter)   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  50. 00tk 3. 2. (3): Transcom food and beverage communication process Television: The TV commercial generally considered the most important media. For this  Ã‚  reason,when   Transcom Beverage launch  a new product they first make a meaningful advertise,because TVadvertisment catch the eyes of customer very rapidly. People are encouraged bythe new tv advertisment. Internet:  Nokia also use the internet and World Wide Web for their worldwide communicationprocess. Their ads include contextual ads that appear on search engine results pages. Event Sponsor:   Every year Transcom Beverage   sponsor various types of program. By doing this they getpublicity indirectly. For Example sometimes pepsi arrange football and  Criket match. They also arrange   Ã‚  Cultural function, concert etc. Press Advertising:  Press advertising describes advertising in a print medium such as  newspaper, magazineand journal. Transcom food and beverage print their ads by press  medium. Billboard:  Ã‚  This is one of the popular medium in communication process. Its cost is less than tvcommercials. If anyone miss the TVads or press advertising hopefully they will   not  missthe billboard ads. We can easily see a Transcom food and beverage(Pepsi,Pizzahut,KFC)billboard at prominent area in Bangladesh. Transcom food and beverage use 3 types of  billboard such as, Fixed, Moving and Neon Sign. Chapter-5 Conclusion Transcom food and beverage is well known franchise group in Bangladesh. Day by day it isincreasing its market segmentations. Transcom Foods Ltd Executive Director Akku Chowdhuryreceived the CEOs Award for  KFC and Running Great  Restaurants Pizza Hut award from Yum! Indian Subcontinent in Delhi at the franchisee awards show recently. This however was not the first award that Transcom Foods Ltd has been honoured  with. Therestaurants in Dhaka have been awarded twice before for being the best in the region. This recent accomplishment certainly asserts the standard of these international franchisees inBangladesh and their continued commitment to the customers. These early industrial ventureshave moved over  to businesses involved in high-tech manufacturing, international trading anddistribution, forming strong ties with a host of blue chip  multinational companies. In recent yearsTranscom has emerged as an increasingly significant media house in Bangladesh. If transcomfollow our suggestions which we think is appropriate for them so they can improve  more fromtheir current  position.

What are the most important stratgic of quality mangent Research Paper

What are the most important stratgic of quality mangent - Research Paper Example Applying some tools of Total Quality Management is the secret of that successful. The most important strategies of Total Quality Management that should be established in the successful companies are quality circle, quality improvement team, quality of human resources, and employing the six sigma as one of the strategies. First understanding and employing quality circle drive companies to success. The order of quality circle that will be following is starting from main management of the company through employees, product or service, and customer which ending in the company by getting higher income. First of all, employees are vital part of the companies since they are the people who are working to provide the service or production of the product. Only if the company has good employees, will it success. That is the reason of the hiring employee into the quality circle which will be the way of driving organization to success. According to Berry (1991), Managing the Total Quality Transformation, by the quality circle the employees should be wishful to share within the higher planning of Total Quality Management since their effort will be spent on, also staff will be more productively. That shows staff will be working with high quality in their work environment, if they participated in their department p lan because they will spend their energy and time on it. Secondly, customer satisfaction is the only logical method to maintain the high level of progress and success in companies. If the company won the customer satisfaction which could be achieved by the quality circle, that will be reflected on the increase in production and in their income. Which means itll have the opportunity to achieve a high percentage of sales and to widening the scope of the customer. According to Nocero (2002), in his article â€Å"Seal of Approval† customer could control cost of products or services by their satisfaction. Therefore, the

Education vs Economic Crisis Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 11750 words

Education vs Economic Crisis - Essay Example The research utilizes resources readily available as it seeks to shed light on the gap between the economic crisis and the education. The economic crisis pushes schools to adopt the best marketing and educational exercises that minimize expenditure to create profits for the business. The research attempts to provide information necessary for the management of Eurognosi to adopt optimal operations to acquire profits. Given the nature of the education system, the research utilized the availability of parents during the school’s enrollment day. Parents and guardians alike gathered at the institution to bring their children as they commenced the first day of the academic year. The research involved supplying questionnaires and administering interviews to all the stakeholders present at the school. The results acquired were gathered, tabulated, evaluated, and analyzed to extract the best practice techniques to ensure the survival of the institution in the near future. The research provides the linking information between the economic recession characteristic of the last decade and its effect on the standards of education delivered to students. The purpose of the project is to find and deeply analyze the main needs of today’s users as it comes to education in private institutes. To achieve such an analysis, a new market research will be implemented. For the purpose of this project, the institute to be used would be â€Å"Eurognosi† and more specifically the branch in Aglantzia. A SWOT analysis will be implemented to develop critical thinking to improve strategic plans and objectives of the branch. The main advantage of the project lies in its uniqueness and is the forebear of more studies to come.

Sociological research-there is a relationship between social class and Essay

Sociological research-there is a relationship between social class and crime - Essay Example ade great strides in proving that social class has a direct correlation with crime due to the social controls of a capitalist government† (Jones, 2004). Social conflict theory focuses on why governments make and enforce rules of law and morality then why an individual violates the law. The primary goal of Social Conflict is to examine the relationship between the ruling class and the process by which deviance is defined and controlled in capitalist society. The government creates laws and rules to maintain the power and position for the power elite. Centering on a view of society in which the elite class uses the criminal justice system as a means of controlling threats to its status. Conflict theorists do not argue that the poor commit more crimes than the rich, but they are certainly arrested and punished more often. A natural frustration exists in society in which a high value is placed on being rich and attaining the American dream, but this dream is unattainable for the ma jority of the citizens. A deep hostility develops among the lower class toward a social order that they can not participate unless it’s by illegal means. Thus, the legal system is designed to guard the position of the upper class by any legal means necessary. â€Å"Conflict theorists seriously contradict the long-held presumption that the American system of law and justice is humane and fair to all citizens.† (Senna, 2003) It really is not a surprise to any of us that it is the poor and disadvantaged criminals who end up in the coils of the criminal justice system. But it would be a mistake to make accusations about the nature of crime by blaming those individuals who end up in our police cells, courtrooms and prisons. This does not mean that crime in the US or any other part of the world is committed by the poor and disadvantaged. Nor does it mean that disadvantage is the cause of most crime. â€Å"But some of the grossest victimizations are concentrated among the poorer members of

Employee performance appraisal theories and techniques

Employee performance appraisal theories and techniques Performance appraisal is to assess and evaluate the performance of employees towards the objectives of the organisation. Performance appraisal has now become a very important part of human resource management. Performance appraisal is the basis for other personnel programs in many of the organisations like counselling, salary administration, or personnel planning. With the decline of careers in organisation, HRM techniques such as performance appraisal has become more important in motivating and controlling the workforce. Appraisal is now seen by some commentators as being much more significant in maintaining employee loyalty and commitment than in directly managing performance (Bowles and Coates, 1993). Use of performance appraisal gives the manager opportunity to change corporate values which are important instrument in control process. Thus we find a growing use of appraisal systems for non-managerial employees that are based on social, attitudinal and trait attributes (Townley, 1 989). Employees are now being appraised not only on objective measures such as attendance, productivity and quality but also on subjective measures such as flexibility, loyalty etc. performance appraisal helps in increasing the efficiency of workforce which in turn helps in achieving the objectives set by an organisation. Performance appraisal is one of the most important components in the systematic approach of Human Resource Management. Performance appraisal is the process of assessing and evaluating the performance of employees according to the objectives of the organisation. Performance appraisal is defined as a procedure which involves the regular use of recorded assessment of an individualà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s performance and potential (Phil Long (1986). Performance Appraisal Revisited. 2nd ed. London: IPM Information and Advisory Services. 5.). A primary aim of the performance appraisal is to measure the performance of an individual against the given objectives. Performance appraisal includes the employees, management, supervisors and the units those are most responsible in the organisation. Manual staffs such as skilled employees and employees with technical duties are also subject to appraisal. Many organisations use performance appraisal even for other personnel programs, like counselling, sal ary administration, promotions or personnel planning etc. It acts as a means of communication between the boss and the sub ordinates required by the company or organisation. There are many possible uses of performance appraisal, but a wise user of the technique will choose among the possibilities and confine performance appraisal to those activities that will meet limited, specific goals (Patricia King (1984). Performance Planning and Appraisal. New York: McGraw-Hill. 7.). Performance appraisal system helps in measuring the performance of individuals against the set objectives of the organisation and the tasks provided to an individual, and rewarding them accordingly. It is also the basis for recruiting the new people, provide feed back, increase motivation, identify potential, study the skills of the employees, training to be provided according to the objectives and the work given and let people know that what is expected from them against the organisation and solve the job problem s. A change in payment systems has also helped in growth and development of performance appraisal. Reward systems and increased use of merit and performance have been associated with the development of performance appraisal. It would be clear that performance appraisal practices those are operating from past ten years or so may be effective in many organisations today. New developments has reduced the role of performance appraisal, they now are being used as a measure to achieve organisational objectives, considerable experimentation and innovation. In fact performance appraisal has become more wide spread. New forms of appraisals have also been developed. Development of performance appraisal: Informal system of performance appraisal exists as long as people work together; evaluation of employees at work is the universal tendency. The history of formal system of performance appraisal is short. With the new developments performance appraisal has become an important element of human resource management. Wide ranges of methods are used to conduct the performance appraisals such as from ranking schemes and competency based systems to complex behaviourally anchored rating schemes. Performance appraisalà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s nature is mostly based on the objectives of management and the available resources for commitment. Simpler ranking and rating schemes are adopted by the small organisations with limited HR expertise, where as schemes such as competency based and 360o appraisal are adopted by the larger organisations. Most of the managements use only one type of appraisal system. Some organisations provide the choice for employees about methods in how they should be appraised. F ew organisations adopt multiple systems to separate reward and non reward aspects of appraisal and different systems to different occupational groups and different parts of the organisation. Appraisal Systems: Appraisal system formulates the review part of the performance cycle. Appraisal systems are designed on a central basis by personnel function, each manager evaluate the performance of their staff on an annual, six-monthly or even quarterly basis. Traditionally appraisal system has been applicable to the staff those are in higher management and supervisory positions, but with new developments it has also applicable even to the clerical staff and secretarial staff. Appraisal systems are been applicable in all the parts of the organisation for the better performance of the employees. It tends to assess the performance of the employees and reward them accordingly. Appraisal system can be used to identify the problems and improve current performance, provide feedback. It also can be used to set the organisation objectives, provide information to the HR personnel, selection process and as a reward or punishments. Appraisal can be divided into three categories, reward reviews, potential reviews, and performance reviews, and the appraisal system should satisfy at least one of those. Manager should be very careful in reviewing the primary purpose of the appraisal system. Source: www.rose.edu/faculty/bperryman/f6.pdf Performance Appraisal Methods and Techniques: The techniques to evaluate the performance appraisal can be grouped into three categories: Comparative, Absolute and Outcome or Result-oriented. Comparative Methods: These techniques help in evaluation the performance of the employees in a work group. Three main procedures which are used in performance judgements are paired comparisons, raking and forced distribution. Paired comparisons: In this method appraiser compares the pair of individuals, rating which employee is better. This could be based on the overall performance of the job or one specific trait. A rank order is obtained from the number of times each individual is selected as the better of a pair (Phil Long (1986). Performance Appraisal Revisited. 2nd ed. London: IPM Information and Advisory Services). Ranking: Rater requires listing the group of individuals and ranking them according to the merit from best to worst. In this procedure a single performance trait is used to evaluate the overall performance of employees towards the objectives. Forced distribution: This procedure combines both paired comparisons and ranking methods. Individuals receive a rating and also assigned to categories according to predetermined distribution. Absolute Methods: This method evaluates the performance of an individual by reference to standards of performance. Techniques include narrative approach, graphic or trait rating scales, critical incidents and behavioural anchored rating scales. Narrative Approach: This method describes the individualà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s work performance and behaviour in the words of appraiser. The appraiser describes the strengths, weaknesses and potential of an individual and also suggest for improvements that are required. Appraiser can explain in the form of essay or written report. Narrative procedures have the benefit that they can explain and provide information regarding the individualà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s performance. Trait Rating Scales: This is highly structured scale which consists of a list of personality traits. The appraiser should indicate the performance of an individual on a numerical scale for which individual is being appraised have these traits. A variation of this is the graphic rating scale which requires the rater to evaluate the individual on each of several defined qualities along a line containing a variety of objectives from very high to very low (Phil Long (1986). Performance Appraisal Revisited. 2nd ed. London: IPM Information and Advisory Services). Critical incident techniques: In this method rater explains the positive and negative behavioural events which have been observed within a review period. It is more suitable for performance feedback discussions. Behavioural Anchored Rating Scales (BARS): BARS is one of the prominent behaviour scaling techniques which determine the behaviour ratings and actually constitute job performance. This methodology is carried out using typical BARS instruments which constitute of series of vertical scales. Each scale determines performance dimension based on job requirements and past observations. The behaviour anchors observed determines the work performance of the individual. Results-oriented Methods: These methods are mostly based on specific accomplishments and outcomes of job performance rather than behaviours. Assessment is based on how the objectives have been achieved. Objectives being jointly agreed between the superior and subordinate and standards are set by discussion and negotiation. As the standards are known the procedure can be corrected as they develop. To study the role of performance appraisal, different appraisal systems, models and how are these helpful in evaluation of employee performance in order to achieve the organisational objectives. To study about performance appraisal systems, methods and techniques. How the appraisal systems are developed and implemented in the real context to achieve the objectives. To study the advantages and disadvantages of different performance appraisal methods. This data has already been published and while using this data the researcher should be very careful about the validity and reliability. Researcher should get the data which has been recently published as it will be more applicable to the present scenario. The data used by researcher in this report is mostly from books, electronic journals, and websites and research journals. Secondary includes both quantitative and qualitative data, and they can be used in both descriptive and explanatory research. Types of secondary data: Documentary data, Survey-based data, and those compiled from multiple sources. Documentary secondary data includes written documents and non written documents. Written documents include books, journals, magazine articles, newspaper and internet. Non-written documents such as pictures, drawings, television programme. Multiple-source secondary data can be based entirely on documentary or any survey data, or can combination of the two. Data collected will be analysed with the help of diagrams, graphs, pie charts and etc. Qualitative data collected from all the possible sources will help in achieving the objectives of dissertation. Saunders et al (2003) claims that there is no standard approach to analyzing qualitative data but discuss one technique where the data are disaggregated into meaningful categories that are subsequently rearranged and analyzed for related data and key themes. The dissertation will be presented in written form meeting the requirements laid down in the Individual Research Dissertation Handbook. And soft copies will be provided in the desirable standard format. Dissertation Time Plan (what are the key times) Meet the appointed lecturer and start with dissertation Finish the introduction and literature review Analyze Data and Interpret data using different data analysis tools and techniques Update Literature Review Complete dissertation by drawing conclusion Submit Dissertation Phil Long (1986). Performance Appraisal Revisited. 2nd ed. London: IPM Information and Advisory Services Patricia King (1984). Performance Planning and Appraisal. New York: McGraw-Hill. Tom Redman, Adrian Wilkinson (2001). Contemporary Human Resource Management. London: Prentice Hall. 57-95. Derek Torrington and Laura Hall (1995). Personal Management. 3rd ed. London: Prentice Hall. 316-331. Stephen Pilbeam and Marjorie Corbridge (2002). People Resourcing HRM in Practice. 2nd ed. London: FT Prentice Hall. 258-283. John P Wilson (1999). Human Resource Development. London: Kogan Page. 153-162. http://www.businessballs.com/performanceappraisals.htm www.rose.edu/faculty/bperryman/f6.pdf

Acupuncture :: essays research papers

Acupuncture   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Acupuncture is a Chinese medical practice that treats illness and provides local anesthesia by the insertion of needles at predetermined sites of the body. Acupuncture may also follow many other forms. The word acupuncture comes from the Latin word acus, meaning needle, and pungere, meaning puncture. The Chinese call acupuncture Chen Chiu.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  On doing my research over acupuncture I used many different sources. I got most of my information from the Internet. I discovered a large acupuncture clinic in Houston and contacted them over the phone. I never really realized that acupuncture was used so much in this country, but there are many places acupuncture is used in the United States.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Acupuncture is used in the treatment of a wide variety of medical problems. It is used for ear, nose, and throat disorders, respiratory disorders, Gastrointestinal disorders, Eye disorders, and Neurological and Muscular disorders. The needles used in acupuncture are usually only inserted from 1/4 to 1 inch deep into the skin. There is usually no pain in acupuncture. Usually if any pain it is only mild. Most of the needles now used in acupuncture are disposable needles. Acupuncture does not always only involve needles. They may also use other methods such as moxibustion, cupping, electronic stimulation, magneotherapy and various types of massage. There are also many different styles of acupuncture practiced all over the world.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  There are many things to consider when choosing an acupuncturist. Acupuncture is a licensed and regulated healthcare profession in about half the states in the United States. There are many acupuncture practices which are not certified, so when choosing one some research is required. If you get acupuncture usually between five to fifteen sessions are required, depending on the severity of the complaint. Many acute conditions only require a single treatment. The main thing to remember when receiving acupuncture is to simply relax. After acupuncture treatments much of the pain may be gone after the first treatment, or in some cases it takes more. In some cases the pain may become worse, this is known as the rebound effect.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The clinic I got most of my information from is a clinic in Houston. They specialize in Acupuncture Therapy for diseases and conditions such as acute and chronic pain, degenerative diseases, arthritis, M.S., post-stroke, migraine

Political Science Essay

Chapter 1 1. Authority: the recognized right of officials to exercise power 2. Constitutionalism: the idea that there are lawful restrictions on government’s power 3. Corporate power: operates in part through the influence that firms have with policy makers 4. Democracy: a form of government in which the people govern, either directly or through an elected representative. 5. Elitism: the power well exercised by well positioned and high influential individuals 6. Free market system: operates mainly on private transactions. Firms are largely free to make their own production, distribution and pricing decisions 7. Judicial action: the use of courts as means of asserting rights and interests. 8. Majoritarianism: the situation in which the majority effectively determines what the government does 9. Pluralism: holds that, most issues, the preference of the special interest largely determines what government does 10. Political Science: the systematic study of government and politics 11. Political thinking: careful gathering and sifting of information in the process of forming a knowledgeable view about a political issue 12. Politics: the means by which society settles in conflicts and allocates the resulting the benefits and costs 13. Power: refers to the ability of persons, groups or institutions to influence political developments 14. Public policies: decisions of government to pursue particular courses of action Chapter 2 1. Anti-Federalists: raised arguments that national government would ne too powerful and would threaten self government in the separate states and the liberty of people 2. Bill of Rights: includes those as freedom of speech, religion, due process protections. 3. Checks and Balances: no institution can act decisively without the support or acquiescence of the other institution. 4. Constitution: a fundamental law that defines how government will legitimately operate; the method for choosing its leaders, the institutions through which these leaders will work, the procedures they must follow in making policy and the powers they can lawfully exercise; highest law of the land 5. Constitutional democratic republic: the type of government created in the United States in 1787. a. Constitutional: in its requirement to gain power through elections be exercised in accordance with law and with due respect for individual rights b. Democratic: in its provisions for majority influence through elections c. Republic: in its mix of deliberative institutions, each of which moderates the power of others 6. Delegates: officeholders who are obligated to carry out the expressed opinions of the people they represent 7. Limited government: one that is subject to strict legal limits on the uses of power, so that it would not threaten the people’s liberty 8. Self Government: one in which the people would be the ultimate source of governing authority and would have a voice in their governing 9. Inalienable rights or Natural rights: life, liberty and property, which are threaten by individuals 10. The Virginia Plan:/Large State Plan: included separate judicial and executive branches as well as two chamber congress that would have supreme authority in all areas 11. The New Jersey Plan / Small State Plan: call for a stronger national government than that provided by the articles of confederation 12. The Great Compromise: the agreement of the constitutional convention to create a two chamber congress with the House appointed by population and the Senate apportioned equally by the state 13. 3/5 Compromise: each slave was to count as less than a person. 14. Federalists: Constitution supporters 15. Liberty: the principle that individuals should be free to act, and think as they choose, provided they do not infringe on the well being of others 16. Grants of Power: framers chose to limit the national government in part by confirming its scope of authority to those powers expressively granted in the Constitution. 17. Denials of Power: a means to limit government to prohibit certain practices that European rulers had routinely used to oppressed political opponents 18. Separation of Powers: division of the powers of government among separate institutions or branches 19. Separated institution sharing power: 20. Checks and Balances: No institution can act decisively without the support or acquiescence of the other institutions 21. Judicial Review: the power of the judiciary to decide whether a government official or institution that has acted within its limits of the Constitution 22. Tyranny Sovergnty: a government cannot be sovereign if it can be overruled by another government 23. Federalism: a governmental system in which authority is divided between two sovereign levels of government, national and regional. 24. Unitary system: sovereignty is vested solely in the national government. 25. Confederacy: the type of government that existed under the Articles of confederation 26.

Bound Morphemes Pg Essays

Bound Morphemes Pg Essays Bound Morphemes Pg Essay Bound Morphemes Pg Essay Notes from live broadcast 29/07/09 Mrs Masehela made a comment at the beginning of the session that because of a large amount of students receiving their study material late, she would focus only on what is relevant for the exam during this broadcast – I really hope this is the case. The chapters I refer to in these notes are from the prescribed book: Investigating English. Chapter One A system of signs for human communication there are different modes of linguistic communication- writing signs and oral. Language is a semiotic system. Semiotics: the study of signs and symbols and their meanings.Language is a system where the individual elements ‘signs’, take their overall meaning from HOW they are combined with other elements. Think of the English language spelling patterns and compare that with another language you know. Think of the road signs and their meanings or any other sign and its meaning. de Saussure theory of linguistic signs. pg 6 The signifier â⠂¬â€œ the sequence of sounds (word), which makes up the sign e. g. w/a/t/e/r this is the symbol. The signified – the mental or physical reality of the sign e. g. water. The properties of language (unique) pg 9 Displacement – talk about things that are not in sight. Arbitrariness – no natural relationship between a word and it’s meaning. Discreetness – separate or distinct. Each sound functions as an individual. Duality – distinct sounds do not convey meaning but carry meaning when combined with other sounds. (ooo, eee, aaa by themselves no meaning). Productivity – speakers produce and interpret an infinite number of new signals, able to produce a sentence without memorising. Cultural transmission – language is passed on from one generation to the next (mother tongue).Chapter 4 Words and word formation (the structure of words) Morpheme – pg 63 the smallest meaningful unit of a language. e. g. –ful, -er, un-, ive. Free morphemes – pg 65 independent words, simple can’t be broken down. car, sure, fine, chew, school, a, the, Two kinds – content/lexical morphemes Open group-new words can be added. They carry meaning – fine, chew. function/grammatical morphemes Closed group-new words hardly ever added. When attached, work together with content – but, if, this, and. Bound morphemes – pg 67 can not occur unattached. (not a word on its own) also called affixes. e. g. –ful, un-, -s, -er. the base or the stem is the morpheme to which prefixes and suffixes are attached. e. g. safe, drive, tangle. Inflectional morphemes- pg 68 do not change the grammatical status of a word. e. g school (noun), schools (noun), talk (verb), talked (verb) can change quantities, tenses, plurality. [pic] see page 69 as well. Derivational morphemes – pg 69 these change the grammatical class of a word e. g. –ly slowly verb adjective adverb Chapter 7 La nguage and meanings. Nature of meaning. Language is a conduit/channel along which thoughts are transferred. Meaning can’t be separated from language. Lexemes. can have a variety of forms called variant forms. when change from one to another, meaning changes as well. [pic] Chapter 8 Language acquisition. Acquisition – what we are born with, learn as we grow up to about 13 years of age. Learning – what we are formally taught, from about 13 years. Different theories- Imitation – child imitates language they hear around them. Innateness – humans born with a capacity for a language development. Input motherese/caretaker speech, more time spent with. Cognitive – child develops a concept first, able to remember/make sense of words of language. Chapter 8 cont†¦ Language acquisition – observe any child between the ages of 1m – 6y. study the section on stages of language acquisition pg 133-135 of textbook. this is my summar y of this section – not possible to explain but is possible to observe, record and chart. proceed at own pace, reach different stages at different ages sequence of stages, generally the same Stage 1 – , | |attention/discomfort |by short vowel |longer then cooing |resembling speech – |recognisable objects|combine 2 |nouns- omit the | | | |– high to low |1st real signs | | |am,-ed –ing, | | | | |language development| | | | Chapter 9 English and education 1. What role should English play in your community/country? 2. What role is English playing in your community/country today? 3. The role and importance of the standard variety of English. 1. Unifying language, able to interact with business partners, economically possible to gain recognition and be understood. 2.Kind can come from/various – have varying linguistic backgrounds, multi/mono-lingual – some communities are flooded by people from other parts of the world; English has a r ole, as a unifier, business partner, feel accepted. Beyond border of country – what is the role there? 3. Is it really important to know standard variety of English or just â€Å"black† English, â€Å"Hispanic† English or must it be standard English. Please correct me here/add in or what ever – I seem to have missed the boat here; however I did write every thing she spoke about? I suspect we need to prepare this for a long question. Exam 2 hours. Ensure you write in paragraphs â€Å"give a critical.. † give own view on topic, -ve and +ve side substantiate. â€Å"discuss† write in paragraphs, your own view is not necessary here.

friendly sons of st. patrick essays

friendly sons of st. patrick essays In the 1800s, immigrants from all different countries flooded into the United States for various reasons. Among the different immigrants that came into America were the Irish. The Irish had various long-standing reasons for migrating to the United States. Among those reasons was the resentment of British Protestantism, British landlords, British taxes, British rule, and a long depression that gave them social hardships. Ireland was the most densely populated country in Europe and it was devastated by economic collapse. The average age of death at this time declined down to nineteen (America 523). Another reason why they fled Ireland was the potato rot epidemic in 1845. The potato rot of 1845 brought a great famine to mostly all of rural Ireland and killed almost one million peasants (Irish 463). These events were what began the flood of Irish immigrants into America. Nearly 214,000 thousand Irish emigrated to the United States and Canada in 1847 on ships that were crowded and had very unsanitary conditions. These coffin ships claimed to have great space on board and warmed steerage (America 521). The living conditions turned out to be deadly as it killed thirty percent of all immigrants on board. Among the thirty percent that died, forty thousand were Irish (America 521). The boats arrived in such cities as Boston, Philadelphia, and New York. The immigrants had very little money that could afford a place to stay, so they stayed in the back alleys of buildings and around Catholic churches in the cities were their ships had docked (America 522). The reason the Irish had very little money or no money at all was because they were mostly farmers in Ireland. The Farmers main crop was the potato, which was ravaged by the rot of 1845. The rot had left the farmers with very little or no profit at all on their main crop (America 522). With no mon ey to live off of the Irish would have to go loo...

Writing paper Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Writing paper - Essay Example thing seems to be rippled, and only a few look concerned about the American problems, as everybody assumes that things are headed in the right direction. The scope of this essay is therefore based on the common problems that are likely to end the American dream, of which income inequality is the biggest problem of all the American problems. Many people have been of the opinion that racism is the biggest problem facing America. The bold prediction has been that the rising income inequality will be the most crucial political battleground for the next few decades (Cal et al). Surprisingly, most of the American problems have resulted from income inequality and this problem has been there for so long. Economists have assumed the income inequality problem for so long despite its consequences. The gap between the rich and the poor has been increasing on a daily basis. The rich are spending more simply because they have more cash to spend. Their spending has been shifting the frame of reference that shapes the life of those who are in lower economic class, travelling in overlapping social circles. The middle class also spends more, shifting the reference frame for the group just below it, and the income ladder continues this way up to those living below the poverty line. Such cascades have made it more expensive for middle inc ome earners to achieve basic financial goals. Taking a look at figures such as the income that accrue to the top 1% increased from 9% in 1977 to 20% in 2012. The richest 0.1% used to control 7% of wealth in 1980 and 22% of the wealth in 2013. Meanwhile, many people have been of the opinion that the only way of reducing this income inequality would be through increasing taxes on income and wealth. Unfortunately, the rich will not allow this to happen. Income inequality has caused a snowballing effect on the distribution of income, as there is a high rate of saving top incomes. As a result, wealth has been concentrating at the top. The rising income

Assessment of Views On Democracy Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2250 words

Assessment of Views On Democracy - Essay Example The United States model of democratization is rather political. This form of democratization emphasizes on a political struggle of democrats seeking dominance over non-democrats. Political parties have a crucial place in this model. This models aims at gaining political liberties. In this process, institutions receive a lot of attention with democrats ensuring there is a level of democracy in political parties, elections, and institutions that fight for civil rights. This model has been the guideline of the United States struggled for democracy over the years. The nations politics consists of democrats fighting non –democrats and implementation of policies that favor the existing institutions. In its promotion of democracy, the United States urges other nation to adopt this model. The Bush regime of the United States made efforts of promoting this type of democratization. In most of the cases, these two models usually overlap. Carothers gives the illustration of Canada; a coun try that had focused on the developmental model, but is recently making advances into the political model through the promotion of institutions. Carothers presents a guideline that characterizes the democratization process. One of these involves the presence of a vibrant and independence of the civil society.